INITIAL HOOKS 5

REVERSED FORMS

The consonants F V Ith Thee, when they have an R or L Hook, can also be written reversed (clockwise) in certain circumstances. As strokes Ar, Rer*, Ess and Zee do not take hooks, those shapes are used for these reversed hooked strokes. The purpose is vowel indication or to make an easier join.

* Stroke Rer is given in Lesson 37

(A) R HOOK

At the beginning of an outline

The normal (anticlockwise) form is used if a vowel, or Circle S + vowel, starts the word, these have already been covered in Lesson 24:

offer offered suffer afresh ever
 

average author other either either

The reversed (clockwise) form is used if there is no initial vowel before the hooked consonant:
 

free fry fright fruit friend front

frame freely fresh Frederick

three through throw thrown/throne threat thread thrill

The normal form is used if that makes a better join with the next stroke, whether there is a vowel before it or not:
 

afraid frayed frighten fried

Friday Fred Freda fridge

(B) When following other strokes

The version that makes the best join is used. The normal form is used after T and D. The reversed form generally follows a stroke written to the right, which is most strokes, as then it is easier to show the whole hook clearly:

Normal form:
 

tougher Trevor Dover diver driver advert

Reversed form:

puffer buffer braver cover clever

recover discover gaffer giver

loafer leaver/lever silver mover

rougher river waver/waiver hover

bother bather breather brother

gather leather weather Heather

The right form is preferred in these:
 

tither tether dither, tethering dithering

(C) L HOOK

FL and VL are reversed only for ease of joining, never for vowel indication.

At the beginning of an outline, the normal form is always used:
 

fly flow flap flick fluff flurry

At the end of an outline:

Normal form is used after downstrokes and M:
 

piffle baffle bevel trifle drivel muffle

The reversed form is used after K G N or a straight upstroke, as this makes the best join:
 

gravel grovel novel raffle

roughly rival waffle hovel

(D) Dot Ing is used after the reversed form of FR VR FL VL, as stroke Ing would not join well:
 

frying fretting covering hovering

raffling waffling grovelling snivelling

The comparisons below show how the different methods produce outlines that reflect the different syllables and stress, as well as the sounds. The one with the stressed syllable uses the F/V hook or full strokes (which allows the following vowel sign to be written in) and the unstressed one uses the FR or VR stroke:

refer rougher, reverse/refers rivers, prefer proffer

defer differ, refill rifle, reveal revel

SHORT FORM

from   Phrases: from it, from us/from his

SUMMARY

• F V Ith Thee with R or L Hook can be reversed

• R Hooked reversals mainly for vowel indication

• L Hooked stroke never reversed at the beginning of the outline

• L Hooked reversals for ease of joining

EXTRA VOCABULARY

flame Fletcher afflict sever ether

fray fright freight frappé freak frill

throat throb thrive throng thrilled

thrash thrift threaten throttle thrust

paver plover believer refrigerate rover

lover uncover weaver sliver sulphur

blather lather anther panther

gavel cavalry weevil naval/navel

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