FINAL HOOKS 2

F/V HOOK

An anticlockwise hook at the end of a straight strokes represents F or V. A third place vowel is written outside the hook:

puff pave above beef tough deaf

dive cough cave gave achieve chief jive

rough roof wife wave/waive half hive

behave proof/prove brave brief bluff

drive drove crave grief/grieve cliff glove

positive active festive motive supportive

There is no F/V hook for curves, so stroke F or V must be used:
 

enough life thief five move arrive shove

Medially

Where it joins well, F/V Hook is used in the middle of an outline:

profit private provide divide David

activity traffic provoke graphic chiefly

proven prevent toughen typhoon
 

defence advance divine definite

definitely defend diving driving

prefer bravery discovery recovery

* "braver, discover, recover" are given in a later Lesson.

Where a medial F/V is not possible, a stroke is used:
 

cavity gravity roughness refute

The final sound of -RF -RV is generally written with Ray + F/V Hook:

serve/serf server reserve surf surfer
 

starve swerve swerving preserve preserver

observe observer deserve

Where the F/V cannot be formed, other strokes are used:

briefly positively actively festively supportively

Stroke Ing is clear with downstrokes:
 

paving braving bluffing driving achieving

Use Dot Ing where stroke Ing cannot join:
 

coughing photographing starving waving halving

A final vowel requires a final stroke:

If a vowel follows the F or V sound, a full stroke is necessary so that the vowel sign can be written to it. This indicates the presence of a final vowel without having to write it in:

puff puffy, beef beefy, deaf defy
 

Dave Davis, cough coffee, grave gravy
 

photograph photography, rave review

proof/prove preview, serve survey

half heavy, wave wavy

Short Forms
 

behalf advantage difficult subjective

Contractions
 

object-ed objecting* objective project-ed projecting*

represent-ed representing* representative difficulty

* Reminder: With short forms and contractions, Dot Ing is used when the final consonant of the word is not represented in the contraction, even if stroke Ing would join well

DERIVATIVES
 

objectively subjectively advantageous advantageously

disadvantage but full outlines for disadvantaged re-present

Phrases

The F/V Hook can represent "of, off, have" in phrases:

out of, member of, number of, copy of, lack of

top of, type of, pack of, back of/off, carry off, take off
 

which have, which have been, who have, those who have, who have been

The F/V Hook can be written to the short form "you":

you have, you have the, you have not, you have been

Omission phrases:

ought (to) have, ought (to) have been

Distinguishing Outline/Phrase
 

number of, brief*

* Always insert the vowel in "brief" to differentiate

SUMMARY

• F/V Hook is written anticlockwise on straight strokes

• Not used on curves, use full strokes instead

• Final -rf -rve is written with Ray + F/V Hook: surf serve

EXTRA VOCABULARY

buff rebuff dove/duff chafe Jeff/Geoff

rife reef tariff weave huff heave

approve bluff trough engrave groove graph

attractive talkative addictive deafen definitive

prophet profitable privacy brevity province provincial

striving devote defeat defect (verb) defect (noun)

reserving preserving observing deserving observatory

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